Tham khảo bài viết theo chủ đề thi IELTS Social problems
Tham khảo bài viết theo chủ đề thi IELTS Social problems
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Xem thêm một số bài Writing tham khảo khác với nhiều chủ đề trong IELTS.
It is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people than that of young people in many countries in the future. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
Sample Answer
An aging population is a major topic of concern in many nations. Although there are some negative aspects of the majority of citizens having a longer life, there are compelling reasons as to why this is overall a desirable trend.
The expected increase in life expectancy may be conducive to several social consequences. The first problem that derives from a greying population is that governmental spending on elderly benefits is likely to rise, which places a financial burden onto the state budget. If this happens in countries with limited financial resources such as Vietnam, the government may have to raise the tax to compensate this spending, which transfers the aforementioned burden onto taxpayers. The economy, in addition to this, will suffer from a shortage of human resources as soon as senior employees retire from their jobs and there are not enough young workers to replace them. In other words, the anticipated rise in the proportion of elder citizens is likely to threaten the operations of thousands of companies.
The benefits of such a development, however, are of greater significance. A major advantage is that in the future if the percentage of senior citizens grows, that of children and teenagers often drops, which means education may not cost as much money as it does today. Another merit is that once the elderly represent a large part of the population, longevity will enable them to contribute more to society. In contrast to the past when many great inventors, scientists and mathematical geniuses such as Blaise Pascal lived a relatively short life, their counterparts today may stay healthy and work until they are in their seventies, eighties and sometimes even nineties. The great theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, for example, published his last paper in 2018 when he was 76, a few months before he died of ALS.
In conclusion, the projected growth of the elderly population is likely to cause social issues, such as the scarcity of labour. There are, nevertheless, more significant advantages to this, including the chance for more old citizens to contribute more to the world. It is predicted that this trend, together with its profits, will be prevalent in most countries in the world in the next three or four decades.
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